Role of Ayurveda in Prevention of Congenital Disorder

Abstract

Introduction: Congenital disorder or birth defect is a condition existing at or before birth regardless of cause. Birth defects vary widely in cause and symptoms. About 20–30% of all infant deaths are due to genetic disorders. Birth defects may result due to genetic or environmental factors. This includes errors of morphogenesis, infection, epigenetic modifications on a parental germline or a chromosomal abnormality. The outcome of the disorder will depend on complex interactions between the prenatal deficit and the postnatal environment. About 30–50% of post-neonatal deaths are due to congenital malformations. It is estimated that 18.5% of pediatric hospitalizations are with congenital malformations. Ayurvedic classics, Sharira Sthana, gives concepts regarding genetics and preventive aspects of congenital anomalies. Method: Ayurvedic classics were explored to search concepts related to preventive aspect of congenital disorders and that were critically analysed with the help of modern researches. Data and Discussion: Relevance of Rutumati Charya, Garbhadhana Sanskara, Garbhini Paricharya etc. in preventing congenital disorders has be substantiated with scientific explanations based on studies done throughout the globe. Exploration of Ayurvedic genetics and scientific understanding of technical terms such as Beeja, Beejabhaga, Beejabhagaavayava has been discussed. Practical application of those in terms of pre-conceptional, conceptional, antenatal and natal care has also been reviewed and discussed elaborately. Conclusion: By virtue of the above review, depth of Ayurvedic genetics and its significance in prevention of congenital disorders has been disclosed. The present review might help scientists to generate hypothesis in the field of preventive aspect of congenital diseases.