Chemical Composition and Toxicity Profile of the Essential Oils of Bosqueia angolensis Ficalho and Berlinia grandiflora (Vahl) Hutch & Dalziel

Abstract

The chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from the leaves and stem bark of Bosqueia angolensis (Moraceae) and Berlinia grandiflora (Fabaceae) using hydrodistillation were analysed using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques. The percentage yields of the essential oils are: B. angolensis leaves (0.53%), B. angolensis stem bark (0.49%), B. grandiflora leaves (0.45%) and B. grandiflora stem bark (0.51%). A total of 10 and four compounds representing 84.3% and 96.1% were identified in the leaves and stem bark of B. angolensis, respectively while B. grandiflora leaves and stem bark essential oils had 12 and 22 constituents accounting for 74.4% and 79.5%, respectively of the total oil. The principal constituents in the essential oils of B. angolensis are nerylacetone (5.8%), neophytadiene (15.7%), hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (34.2%) and phytol (10.4%) in the leaves, while the stem bark had trans-1,10-dimethyl-trans-9-decalinol (17.9%), 6-butyl-7-hexyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (69.9%) and hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (6.6%). On the other hand, B. grandiflora contained α-ionone (5.4%), β-ionone (17.2%), kaur-16-ene (5.3%) and phytol (6.5%) for leaves and the stem bark had (E, E)-2,4-decadienal (32.7%), E-tetradec-2-enal (4.8%), 4-heptenal (6.7%), linoelaidic acid (11.9%) as the most abundant compounds. All the four essential oils possessed moderate level of toxicity (˂100 μg/ml) to Artemia salina with LC₅₀ of 76.14 µg/ml and 11.33 µg/ml for the leaves and stem bark of B. angolensis; 88.13 µg/ml and 28.72 µg/ml for the leaves and stem bark of B. grandiflora, respectively.

Keywords: Bosqueia angolensis, Berlinia grandiflora, lethal concentration, hydrodistillation

Cite this Article

Aboaba S, Ibitoye M. Chemical Composition and Toxicity Profile of the Essential Oils of Bosqueia angolensis Ficalho and Berlinia grandiflora (Vahl) Hutch & Dalziel. Research & Reviews: A Journal of Toxicology. 2018; 8(2): 15–20p.