Cosmetology in Ayurveda

Abstract

The word “cosmetics” is derived from the Greek ‘kosmetike’ meaning ‘technique of dress and ornament.’ Beauty is the desire of every individual, which does not only confine to women; but as well the men, as beauty is not only termed to attract the people, but also gives a psychological sense of comfort and self-confidence. Beauty is not something that is limited only to the external use of cosmetic products, but relays to the overall health. In Ayurveda the concept of a direct relation between the beauty and health is mentioned widely. Cosmetics have been in use for thousands of years all around the world by Ancient Egyptians, Sumerians, Indus Valley Civilization, Romans, Greeks etc. Art of cosmetics in ancient India was at a very advanced level which is evident by plenty of references available in various literature including Ayurvedic Classical texts from Brihat-trayi regarding usage of various substances, procedures and therapies for imparting beauty to face, eyes, teeth, hairs and skin. Separate Ganas (groups of drugs) are also mentioned by Charaka, Sushruta and Vagbhata such as ‘Varnya Mahakashaya’, ‘Eladi’ and ‘Lodhradi’. Various cosmetic procedures are scattered in ayurvedic texts ranging from the topic of Dinacharya, daily regimen such as face-wash, oil massage, dry powder and paste massage, ointments etc. to the treatment of skin disorders and separate chapters describing cosmetic procedures related to post-surgical care. Thus, Cosmetology can be considered as an original part of Ayurveda since ancient times. This review is written by focusing the concept of cosmetology in Ayurveda.