General Notion of Temperament
Abstract
The term ‘Temperament’ is imitative from Latin word “Tempero” which means “to mix”. Mizaj is known as establishment of a new moderate quality, as a result of different characteristic of elements turn out and retort by their energy, then previous potentials become reduced. The concept of temperament is the column of Unani Medicine. This concept was firstly introduced by Hippocrates when he specified that “It is more important to know what category of person a disease has than to know that sort of disease a person has”. Galen reflected that one pair of qualities out of four possibilities was main, leading to the temperamental categories that he named Sanguine, Phlegmatic, Choleric and Melancholic temperament. Temperament (Mizaj) is signified as an unbroken quality created in the compound by interface of opposite qualities of elements. The elements distribute into minute particles to safe intimate contact with one other, since the primary qualities of the elements are four i.e., heat, cold, dryness and moister. Temperament of a newly ordered body is a product of these qualities. In human body each and every atom, molecule, cell, organs, and humour, as all are prepared with a mizaj upon which their life functions depend.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Ali S, et al. Concept of Temperament (Mizaj) and Its Various Dimensions. Int J Res Anal Rev (IJRAR). 2019 Mar; 6(1): 176–179. ISSN 2348 –1269, PRINT ISSN 2349-5138.
Bie U, Ansari MA, Faiz A, Ali F, Khan KZ. Temperament (Peerless key factor of Umoor-e-Badan): definitions, chemistry, and biochemistry. J Emerg Technol Innov Res. 2018; 5(3): 881–884.
Maseehi AS. Kitab Ul Miat Fit Tibb. Part 1. Hyderabad: Islamic Publication Society; 1963; 82, 98.
Nafees B. Kulliyate Nafeesi. Transalation and Elobration Sharah by Hakeem Kabir Ud Din. Vol. 1. New Delhi: Idara Kitab Ul Shifa; 1954; 19–21.
Sina I. Alcanoon Fit Tibb. English Translation of the Critical Arabic Text. Vol. 1. New Delhi: Jamia Hamdard; 1993; 7–13.
Jurjani, A. and Vol, H.Z.K.S., 1902. I (Urdu translation by Hadi Hassan Khan). Matba Nami Nawal Kishore, p.14.
Antaqi, D. Tazqaratul Albab. Egypt, Matba Ata Al Zahrze,1349 Hijri; Vol 1, PP 10
Majoosi AIA. Kamil Us Sana. Urdu translation by Kantoori GH. New Delhi: Idara Kitab Ul Shifa; 2010; 24, 25.
Gazrooni S. Kulliyat E Sadeedi. Urdu Translation by Molvi Syed Abid Hussain. Lucknow: Matba Munshi Nawal Kishore; 1910; 12–18.
Baghdadi IH. Kitab Ul Mukhtarat Fit Tibb. Urdu Translation. New Delhi: CCRUM; 2005; 9.
Razi Z. Kitabul mansuri. New Delhi: CCRUM; 1991; 59–64.
Rushd I. Kitabul kulliyat. New Delhi: CCRUM; 1990; 82–92, 158–60, 352–354.
Kabeeruddin M. Kulliyateqanoon. New Delhi: Eijaz Publishing House; 2006; 239–240.
Majusi AIA. Kamilussanaah. New Delhi: Idara Kitabus Shifa; 2010; 25–31.
Arzani A. Mufarreh al quloob. New Delhi: Idara Kitabus Shifa. New Delhi, 2002; pp 19-33
Nafees B. Kulliyate Nafeesi. Transalation and Elobration Sharah by Hakeem Kabir Ud Din. Vol. 1. New Delhi: Idara Kitab Ul Shifa; 1954; 19–21.
Urooj Bie, et al. Temperament (Peerless Key Factor of Umoor- e-Badan): Definitions, Chemistry, and Biochemistry. J Emerg Technol Innov Res. 2018 Mar; 5(3): 881–884. ISSN-2349-5162.
Ahmad SI. Al Umoor Al Tabiyah. New Delhi: Saini Printers, 1980; 16–18.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.