Immunomodulation in Viral Infections

Authors

  • Durgadas Govind Naik Department of Microbiology, International Medical School, Management and Science University, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37591/rrjoi.v7i2.4

Abstract

Several studies conducted over a period of two decades established that hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis is activated during systemic viral diseases. Modulation of the Th1/Th2 balance may affect the susceptibility to or the course of infections. Reduction of T and B lymphocytes are reported during influenza virus infection. This modulation leads to limited immune response. The brain areas involved in the regulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis are affected during viral infection. Human immunodeficiency viruses after entering into central nervous system are localized in areas that regulate hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis. Antiretroviral drugs do not cross the blood-brain barrier in therapeutic concentrations. It appears that there is a complex interaction among hypothalamus, pituitary, adrenal gland and their products with immune system. This activation leads to a shift to Th2 response.
Keywords: Cytokines, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis, influenza virus, human immunodeficiency virus, hormones

Cite this Article

Durgadas Govind Naik. Immunomodulation in viral infections. Research & Reviews: A Journal of Immunology. 2017; 7(2): 5–8p.

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Published

2018-01-05

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Vol. 7 No. 2 (2017)

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