Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

Standardized Patients for Skill assessment in Medical Education: Why, Where and How?

Surya Prakasa Rao, Vasanth Kumar, Sivakumar Vijayaraghavalu

Abstract


As the COVID-19 outbreak has rapidly transitioned into a global pandemic with serious implications for public. Frequent rotations between the public creates potential vectors for COVID-19. Equally, as trainee doctors we stand to learn a tremendous amount and can contribute to the care of patients. The immediate concern is the impact of COVID-19 on medical education. The effect of COVID-19 on medical education could therefore be considerably important. Hence the use of emergent technology for education, such as artificial intelligence for adaptive learning and virtual reality, are very likely to be essential components of the transformative change and the future of medical education.


Keywords


COVID-19, virtual, education, learning, technology etc.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Health Medical & Family Welfare (B2) Department. Declaring Health Care and Medical facilities as Essential Services for a period of six(6) months for refusal to work in/for all Government and Private Health and Medical Facilities under Essential Services Maintenance Act,1971 (A.P. Act.20/1971) Government of Andhra Pradesh. G.O.RT.No. 228 dated 03.04.2020.

Proceedings of the Collector & District Magistrate, Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore District. Extraordinary Gazette Notification No. 88 dated 31.03.2020.

Dudley, F. (2012). The Simulated Patient Handbook. CRC Press. Taylor and Francis group. New York, 21-59

Wallace, P (2007). Coaching Standardized Patients For Use in the Assessment of Clinical Competence. Springer Publishing Company, New York, 5-15

Talbot, B.T., Sagae, K., Bruce, J & Rizzo, A. A. (2012) Designing Useful Virtual Standardized Patient Encounters. Interservice/Industry Training, Simulation, and Education Conference (I/ITSEC), 1-11.

Lewis, K.L., Bohnert, C.A., Gammon, W.L., Hölzer H., Lyman, L., Smith C., Thompson T.M., Wallace A., & McConvey, G.G. (2017).The Association of Standardized Patient Educators (ASPE) Standards of Best Practice (SOBP). Advances in Simulation, 2:10.

Standardized Patient Policies and Procedures Manual. UIUC College of Medicine.

UK College of Medicine. Medical Education. Standardized Patient Professional Standards. Accessed at https://meded.med.uky.edu/ standardized-patient-professional-standards on 21.7.2020.

Designing A Tuberculosis Standardized Patient Program For Medical Students Designing A Tuberculosis Standardized Patient Program For Medical Students.New Jersey Medical School National Tuberculosis Center. 2002. Accessed at http//:www.umdnj.edu/ntbcweb on 21.7.2020.

Standardized Patient Manual. Grand Valley State University Simulation Centre. Accessed at https://www.gvsu.edu/cms4/asset/890FA567-BE74-A168-6DBE725A35EBA90F/standardized_patient_manual_2018.pdf on 21.7.2020.

Armstrong, K.J., & Walker, S. (2011). Standardized Patients, Part 2: Developing a Case. Human Kinetics - ATT 16(3), 24–29

May, W., & Fisher D. How to Give Effective Feedback.WinDix Training Manual for SP Trainers. University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine. Accessed at https://www.mededportal.org/doi/ 10.15766/ mep_2374-8265.171. on 21.7.2020

Crawford, S.B., Baily, L.W & Monks, S. M. (2019). Comprehensive Healthcare Simulation: Operations, Technology, and Innovative Practice. (eds). Springer Nature Switzerland, 301-310.

Nestel, D., Sanko, J & McNaughton, N. (2018). Simulated participant methodologies: Maintaining humanism in practice In Healthcare Simulation Education Evidence, Theory and Practice (eds. Nestel D., Kelly M., Jolly B and Watson M). Wiley Blackwell John Wiley & Sons Ltd, UK, 45-53.

Healthcare Simulation at a Glance (eds Forrest K &McKimm J).Wiley Blackwell. John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 2019, 52-61

Bosek, M., Li, S., & Hicks, F. (2007). Working with Standardized Patients: A Primer, International Journal of Nursing Education Scholarship, 4(1). doi: https://doi.org/10.2202/1548-923X.1437

Boulet, J.R., Van Zanten, M., De Champlain, A., Hawkins, R.E, Peitzman, S.J (2008). Checklist content on a standardized patient assessment:an ex post facto review. Adv Health Sci Educ, 13(1), 59–69.

Swanson, D. B & Van Der Vleuten, C.P.M. Assessment of Clinical skills with Standardised Patients: State of the Art Revised. Teaching and Learning in Medicine 25(S1), s17-s25

Petrusa, E. R (2004). Taking standardized patient-based examinations to the next level. TeachLearn Med, 16(1), 98-110. doi:10.1207/s15328015tlm1601_19.

Solís, I., Bozzo, S., Kunakov, N. (2013) .Standardized patients in clinical skills training in undergraduate medical education. Rev Med Chile, 141, 1216-1217

Karabilgin, O.S., Vatansever, K., Caliskan, S.A, & Durak, H.I (2012). Assessing medical student competency in communication in the pre-clinical phase: Objective structured video exam and SP exam. Patient Education and Counseling, 87, 293–299.

Medical Council of India. College assessment reports. Accessed at http://115.124.123.110:81/CMS/information-desk/college-assessment-reports.

Annual employment-unemployment survey report. Ministry of Labour and Employment. Government of India. Accessed at https://labour.gov.in/employment-unemployment-scheme.

Brown, W.J & Tortorella, R.A.W (2020). Hybrid medical simulation – a systematic literature review. Smart Learning Environments, 7, 16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-020-00127-6

Cleland, J.A., Abe, K., & Rethans, J.J. (2009). The use of simulated patients in medical education: AMEE Guide No 42. Medical Teacher, 31, 477–486.

Holmboe, E.S., Durning, S.J., & Hawkins R.E. (2018). Practical Guide to the Evaluation of Clinical Competence, 2nd Edition. Elsevier. Philadelphia, 91-112.

Shahidullah, Jeffrey D., & Kettlewell, Paul W. (2017) "Using Standardized Patients for Training and Evaluating Medical Trainees in Behavioral Health," International Journal of Health Sciences Education, 4(2). Available at: https://dc.etsu.edu/ijhse/vol4/iss2/3

Nestel, D & Bearman, M. (2015). Simulated Patient Methodology Theory, Evidence And Practice. John Wiley & Sons Ltd. West Sussex.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2021 Research & Reviews: Journal of Medicine