An Evaluation of Photodynamic Therapy in Dentistry with a Focus on Surgical Applications

Authors

  • Roopse Singh 1Senior Lecturer, Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Subharti Dental College and Hospital, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • Riya Agarwal Post Graduate Student, Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Subharti Dental College and Hospital, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • Mayur Kaushik 3Professor and Head, Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Subharti Dental College and Hospital, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • Sameer Ahmed 4Associate Professor, Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Subharti Dental College and Hospital, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37591/rrjos.v12i3.3391

Keywords:

Staphylococcus aureus, photodynamic therapy, photodetection, photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy, antibiotic-resistant

Abstract

Throughout the centuries, various forms of light therapy have found applications in medical settings. These include phototherapy for neonatal jaundice, psoralen molecules combined with ultraviolet A light (PUVA) in dermatology, and techniques like photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photodetection. In recent years, the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis, has necessitated the exploration of alternative treatment options. Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) has arisen as a potential alternative, particularly effective for localized infections in the skin and oral cavity, demonstrating efficacy against both antibiotic-resistant and antibiotic-susceptible bacteria. PDT, also known as photoradiation therapy, phototherapy, or photochemotherapy, involves the use of a photosensitive dye (photosensitizer) activated by light exposure with a specific wavelength in the presence of oxygen. This initiates a photodynamic reaction leading to the ablation of tumors and blood vessels. Essentially, PDT achieves the elimination of target cells through reactive oxygen species generated by a photosensitizing compound and light of a suitable wavelength. This technique utilizes light-activated drugs for treating a range of diseases, including cancer, age-related macular degeneration, and antibiotic-resistant infections. The integration of PDT into medical practices represents a promising avenue in addressing infections, particularly those resistant to conventional antibiotics, showcasing its potential as a versatile and effective therapeutic strategy in the evolving landscape of medical treatment

References

Vidraj S, Prashanth, Magraj K. Photodynamic Therapy and Its Role in Periodontal Therapy. Indian

J Stomatol. 2010; 1(1): 92–95.

Reddy VN, Rani RK, Chandana G, Sehrawat S. Photodynamic therapy. Indian J Dent Adv (IJDA).

; 1(1): 46–50.

Konopka K, Goslinski. Photodynamic Therapy in Dentistry. J Dent Res. 2007; 86(8): 694–707.

Dougherty TJ, Gomes CJ, Henderson BW, et al. Photodynamic therapy. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1998;

(12): 889–905.

Raghavendra M, Bhola S, Koregol A. Photodynamic Therapy: A Targeted Therapy In Periodontics.

Aust Dent J. 2009; 54(Suppl 1): S102–S109.

Von Tappeiner H, Jesionek A. Therapeutische Versuche mit fluorescierenden Stoffen. Munch Med

Wochenschr. 1903; 47: 2042–2044.

Jurczyszyn K, Ziółkowski P, Gerber H, Osiecka BJ. Potentiality of Photodynamic Therapy in

Dentistry – Literature Review. Dent Med Probl. 2007; 44(2): 255–258.

Dave D, Desai V, Despande N. Photodynamic Therapy: A View Through Light. J Orofac Res.

; 2: 82–86.

Malik R, Manocha A, Suresh DK. Photodynamic Therapy- A Strategic Review. Indian J Dent Rest.

; 21(2): 285–291.

Kübler AC. Photodynamic therapy. Med Laser Appl. 2005; 20(1): 37–45.

Hopper C, Speight PM, Bown SG. Photodynamic therapy, an effective but non selective treatment

for cancers in the oral cavity. Int J Cancer. 1997; 71(6): 937–942.

Biel MA. Photodynamic therapy in head and neck cancer. Curr Oncol Rep. 2002; 4(1): 87–96.

A Juzneas P, Ma LW, Lani V, Moan J. Effectiveness of different light sources for 5-aminolevulinic

dynamic therapy. Lasers Med Sci. 2004; 19(3): 139–149.

Henderson BW, Dougherty TJ. How does photodynamic therapy works. Photochem Photobiol.

; 55(1): 145–157.

Foster TH, Primavera MC, Marder VJ. Photosensitized release of von willebrand factor from

cultured human endothelial cells. Cancer Res. 1991; 51(12): 3261–3266.

Murant RS, Gibson SL, Hilf R. Photosensitized effects of photofrin II on the site selected

mitochondrial enzymes adenylate kinase and monoamine oxidase. Cancer Res. 1987; 47(16):

–4328.

Hilf R, Smail DB, Murant RS, Leaky PB, Gibson SL. Hematoporphyrin derivate induced

photosensitivity of mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase and selected cytosolic enzymes of

R3230 A C mammary adenocarcinoma of rats. Cancer Res. 1984; 44(4): 1483–1488.

Bogheim JP, Dubbelman TM, Mullenders LH, Van steveninck J. Photodynamic effects of

haematoporphyrin derivative on DNA repair in murine L929 fibroblasts. Biochem J. 1987; 244(3):

–715.

Pathak T. Photodynamic Therapy: A New Avenue in Periodontal Therapy. Asian J Mod Ayurvedic

Med Sci. 2012; 1(1): 1–10.

Embleton ML, Nair SP, Cookson BD, Wilson M. Antibody directed photodynamic therapy of

methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus. Microb Drug Resist. 2004; 10(2): 92–97.

Pandey R, Sharma A, Zahoor A, Sharma S, Khuller GK, Prasad B. Poly (DL-lactide-CO-glycolide)

nanoparticle based inhalable sustained drug delivery system for experimental tuberculosis. J

Antimicrob Chemother. 2003; 52(6): 981–986.

De Oliveira RR, Schwartz-Filho HO, Novaes AB Jr, Mario Taba Jr. Antimicrobial photodynamic

therapy in the non-surgical treatment of aggressive periodontitis: A preliminary randomised

controlled clinical study. J Periodontol. 2007; 78(6): 965–973.

Christodoulides N, Nikolidakis D, Chondrosl P. Photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal treatment: A randomized, controlled clinical trial. J Periodontol 2008; 79(9):

–1644.

Minnock A, Vernon DI, Schofield J, Griffiths J, Parish JH, Brown ST. Photoinactivation of

bacteria: Use of a cationic water-soluble zinc phthalocyanine to photoinactivate both gram-negative

and Grampositive bacteria. J Photochem Photobiol B. 1996; 32(3): 159–164.

De Almeida JM, Theodoro LH, Bosco AF. In vivo effect of photodymanic therapy on periodontal

bone loss in dental furcations. J Periodontol. 2008; 79(6): 1081–1088.

Shivakumar V, Shanmugam M, Sudhir G, Pavithra PS. Scope of photodynamic therapy in

periodontics and other fields of dentistry. J Interdiscip Dent. 2012; 2(2): 78–83.

Jerjes W, Upile T, Abbas S, Hopper C. Photodynamic therapy role in the premalignancy /

malignancy of the head and neck. Oncol News. 2008; 2: 8–10.

Shibli JA, Martins MC, Ribeiro FS, Garcia VG, Nociti Jr FH, Marcantonio Jr E. Lethal

photosensitization and guided bone regeneration in treatment of peri-implantitis: an experimental

study in dogs. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2006; 17(3): 273–281.

Soukos NS, Mulholland SE, Socransky SS, Doukas AG. Photodestruction of human dental plaque

bacteria: Enhancement of the photodynamic effect by photomechanical waves in an oral biofilm

model. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine. 2003; 33(3): 161–168.

Sarkar S, Wiison M. Lethal photosensitisation of bacteria in subgingival plaque samples from

patients with chronic periodontitis. J Periodontal Res. 1993; 28(3): 204–210.

Henry CA, Dyer B, Wagner M, Judy M, Matthews JL. Phototoxicity of argon laser irradiation on

biofilms of Porphyromonas and Prevotella species. J Photochem Photobiol B. 1996; 34(2–3):

–128.

Costerton JW, Stewart PS, Greenberg EP. Bacterial biofilms: a common cause of persistent

infections. Science. 1999; 284(5418): 1318–22.

Paulino TP, Ribeiro KF, Thedei G, et al. Use of hand held photopolymerizer to photoinactivate

Streptococcus mutans. Arch Oral Biol. 2005; 50(3): 353–359.

Chen HM, Chen CT, Yang H, et al. Successful treatment of oral verrucous hyperplasia with topical

-aminolevulinic acid-mediated photodynamic therapy. Oral Oncol. 2004; 40(6): 630–637.

Chen HS, Chen CT, Yang H, Lee MI, Kuo MYK, Kuo YS, et al. Successful treatment of an

extensive verrucous carcinoma with topical 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated photodynamic therapy.

J Oral Pathol Med. 2005; 34(4): 253–256.

Berakdar M, Callaway A, Eddin MF, Rob A, Willershausen B. Comparison between scaling-root -

planing (SRP) and SRP / photodynamic therapy: six-month study. Head Face Med. 2012; 8: 12.

Thurnheer T, Gmur R, Guggenheim B. Multiplex FISH analysis of a six-species bacterial biofilm.

J Microbiol Methods. 2004; 56(1): 37–47.

Zanin ICJ, Lobo MM, Rodrigues LKA, Pimenta LAF, Hofling JF, Goncalves RB.

Photosensitization of in vitro biofilms by toluidine blue O combined with a light-emitting diode.

Eur J Oral Sci. 2006; 114(1): 64–69.

Baggiolini M, Walz A, Kunkel SL. Neutrophil-activating peptide-1 / interleukin 8, a novel cytokine

that, activates neutrophils. J Clin Invest. 1989; 84(4): 1045–1049.

Schar D, Ramseier CA, Eick S, Sculean A, Salvi GE. Anti infective therapy of peri-implantitis with

adjunctive local drug delivery or photodynamic therapy: six-month outcomes of a prospective

randomized clinical trial. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2013; 24(1): 104–110.

Maisch T, Bosl C, Szeimies RM, Lehn N, Abels C. Photodynamic effects of novel XF porphyrin

derivatives on prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 2005;

: 1542–1552.

Kirkevang LL, Vaeth M, Horsted-Bindslev P, Wenzel A. Longitudinal study of periapical and

endodontic status in a Danish population. Int Endod J. 2006; 39(2): 100–107.

Bouillaguet S, Owen B, Wataha JC, Campo MA, Lange N, Schrenzel J. Intracellular reactive

oxygen species in monocytes generated by photosensitive chromophores activated with blue light.

Dent Mater. 2008; 24(8): 1070–1076.

Silva LAB, Novaes Jr AB, De Oliveira RR, Nelson-Filho P, Santamaria Jr M, Silva RAB.

Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy for the Treatment of Teeth with Apical Periodontitis: A

Histopathological Evaluation. J Endod. 2012; 38(3): 360–366

Downloads

Published

2024-01-31

Issue

Vol. 12 No. 3 (2023)

Section

Review Article

License

Declaration and Copyright Transfer Form

(to be completed by authors)

I/ We, the undersigned author(s) of the submitted manuscript, hereby declare, that the above manuscript which is submitted for publication in the STM Journals(s), is not published already in part or whole (except in the form of abstract) in any journal or magazine for private or public circulation, and, is not under consideration of publication elsewhere.

  • I/We will not withdraw the manuscript after 1 week of submission as I have read the Author Guidelines and will adhere to the guidelines.
  • I/We Author(s ) have neither given nor will give this manuscript elsewhere for publishing after submitting in STM Journal(s).
  • I/ We have read the original version of the manuscript and am/ are responsible for the thought contents embodied in it. The work dealt in the manuscript is my/ our own, and my/ our individual contribution to this work is significant enough to qualify for authorship.
  •  I/We also agree to the authorship of the article in the following order:

Author’s name                                    

 

1. ________________

2. ________________

3. ________________

4. ________________

 

We  Author(s) tick this box and would request you to consider it as our signature as we agree to the terms of this Copyright Notice, which will apply to this submission if and when it is published by this journal.