Evaluation of Rational Use of Antibiotics and Incidence of Surgical Site Infections in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Context: Antimicrobial resistance is a major health issue nowadays. It can be reduced by framing, educating health care professionals, strictly following and reviewing the guidelines for antibiotics usage. Many hospitals are not following standard guidelines for antibiotics usage which has led to overuse of antibiotics which contributes for the emergence of resistant strains of microbes against antibiotics. Antibiotics are used pre-operatively to reduce the risk of surgical site infections. The use of surgical prophylaxis has become an essential component of the standard of care in virtually all surgical procedures and has resulted in reduced risk of post-operative infections. Aims: To evaluate the rational use of antibiotics and incidence of SSI in a tertiary care hospital. Objectives: (1). To assess the rational use of antibiotics in surgery based on ICMR guidelines. (2). To categorize the surgeries based on anatomical site. (3). To assess the incidence of surgical site infections. (4). To recommend the preventive measures for surgical site infection to the patients. Methods and materials: A prospective observational study conducted in a tertiary care government hospital from August 2017 to January 2018. Patients’ demographic characteristics, past and present medical history, type of surgery performed, prophylactic antibiotic given, and treatment charts were recorded from patient’s case sheets. Statistical analysis: Microsoft Excel and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: In present study, appropriateness of prophylaxis was compared with ICMR guidelines and evaluated by four different criteria (antimicrobial agent, ROA, Dose, and timing of prophylaxis). The most common type of surgery performed in our hospital is hernioplasty (30%) and the most common prophylactic antibiotic used was ceftriaxone. The percentage of patients with SSI was 1.6% and percentage of patients without SSI was 98.3%.

Keywords: SSI, surgical prophylaxis, antibiotics, rational use

Cite this Article Shaik Sajida, ByreniVinuthna, Chakka Gopinath, et al. Evaluation of Rational Use of Antibiotics and Incidence of Surgical Site Infections in a Tertiary Care Hospital. Research & Reviews: Journal of Surgery. 2018; 7(3): 4–8p.