Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

Study and Impact of COVID-19

Upasana Pandey, Anjali Sardana, Suman Gupta, Atul Singh

Abstract


Recently a Novel Corona Virus has been emerged at Wuhan named as COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2. The aim of this paper is to present a literature review of various articles which is contributing in study, prevention and control of SARS-CoV-2. We also graphically present global impact of this virus based on different criteria like; age-wise and sex-wise mortality rate, weekly and cumulative increment of infectious people, mortality rate in people suffering from pre-existing disease such as diabetes, chronic respiratory problem, cancer etc. We also discussed the observations of this impact which has been concluded from statics, collected from various resources.


Keywords


Capsid, cell membrane, COVID-19, mortality rate, virion

Full Text:

PDF

References


Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm. nih.gov/books/NBK21523/

Available at: https://courses.lumenlearning .com/boundless-biology/chapter/virus-infections-and-hosts/

Su S, Wong G, Shi W, et al. Epidemiology, Genetic recombination, and pathogenesis of coronaviruses, Trends Microbiol. 2016; 24: 490–502p, 10.1016/j.tim.2016.03.003

Perlman S, Netland J. Coronaviruses post-SARS: update on replication and pathogenesis Nat Rev Microbiol. 2009; 7: 439–450p, 10.1038/nrmicro2147

Fehr AR, Perlman S. Maier HJ, Bickerton E, Britton P (eds.), Coronaviruses: An overview of their replication and pathogenesis; section 2 genomic organization, Coronaviruses: Methods and Protocols, Methods in Molecular Biology, Springer, 2015, 1–23p, doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2438-7_1, ISBN 978-1-4939-2438-7, PMC 4369385, PMID 25720466

Fehr AR, Perlman S, Maier HJ, Bickerton E, Britton P (eds.), Coronaviruses: An Overview of their replication and

pathogenesis; Section 4.1 attachment and entry, Coronaviruses: Methods and Protocols, Methods in Molecular Biology, Springer, 2015; 1282: 1–23p, doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2438-7_1, ISBN 978-1-4939-2438-7, PMC 4369385, PMID 25720466.

Fehr AR, Perlman S. Coronaviruses: an overview of their replication and pathogenesis, Methods Mol Biol. 2015; 1282: 1–23p. doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2438-7_1. ISBN 978-1-4939-2437-0. PMC 4369385. PMID 25720466.

Sexton NR, Smith EC, Blanc H, Vignuzzi M, Peersen OB, Denison MR. Homology-Based Identification of a Mutation in the Coronavirus RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase That Confers Resistance to Multiple Mutagens, J Virol. August 2016; 90(16): 7415–28p. doi:10.1128/JVI.00080-16. PMC 4984655. PMID 27279608.

Fehr AR, Perlman S. Coronaviruses: an overview of their replication and pathogenesis, Methods Mol Biol. 2015; 1282: 1–23p. doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2438-7_1. ISBN 978-1-4939-2437-0. PMC 4369385. PMID 25720466.

Transmission of Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) | CDC, www.cdc.gov. 31 January 2020. Retrieved 1 February 2020.

Masters PS (1 January 2006), The molecular biology of coronaviruses, Advances in Virus Research. 66. Academic Press: 193–292. doi: 10.1016/S0065-3527(06)66005-3. ISBN 9780120398690. PMID 16877062

Cui J, Li F, Shi ZL. Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses, Nature Rev Microbiol. March 2019; 17(3): 181–192p. doi: 10.1038/s41579-018-0118-9. PMID 30531947.

Corman VM, Muth D, Niemeyer D, Drosten C. Hosts and Sources of Endemic Human Coronaviruses, Adv Virus Res. 2018; 100: 163–88p. doi:10.1016/bs.aivir.2018.01.001. ISBN 978-0-12-815201-0. PMID 29551135.

Wrap D, et al. Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation, 2020 Mar 13; 367(6483): 1260–1263p. doi: 10.1126/science.abb 2507. Epub 2020 Feb 19.

Chie Cheng Lai, et al. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): The epidemic and the challenges, Int J Antimicrob Agents. 12 Feb 2020.

Chie Cheng Lai, et al. Asymptomatic carrier state, acute respiratory disease, and pneumonia due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): Facts and myths, J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 4 March 2020, Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.02.012.

Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, Qu J, Gong F, Han Y, et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study, Lancet. 2020; 395: 507–513p, 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7.

Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China, Lancet. 2020; 395: 497–506p, 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5.

Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, Zhu F, Liu X, Zhang J, et al. Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China, J Am Med Assoc 2020 Feb 7; 10.1001/jama.2020.1585.

Yu P, Zhu J, Zhang Z, Han Y, Huang L. A familial cluster of infection associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating potential person-to-person transmission during the incubation period, J Infect Dis. 2020 Feb 18; 10.1093/infdis/ jiaa077pii: jiaa077.

Yang Y, Lu Q, Liu M, Wang Y, Zhang A, Jalali N, et al. Epidemiological and clinical features of the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in China, medRxiv. 2020 Feb 11, 10.1101/2020.02.10.20021675.

Christian A. Devaux, et al. New insights on the antiviral effects of chloroquine against coronavirus: what to expect for COVID-19?, Int J Antimicrob Agents. 12 March 2020, Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105938

Wang PH, Cheng Y. Increasing host cellular receptor—angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expression by

coronavirus may facilitate 2019-nCoV infection, bioRxiv. 2020 Feb 27, 10.1101/2020.02.24.963348

Li R, Qiao S, Zhang G. Analysis of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) from different species sheds some light on cross-species receptor usage of a novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV, J Infect. 2020 Feb 21, 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.013, [Epub ahead of print]

Available at: https://www.healthline.com /health/coronavirus-incubation-period

Available at: https://www.contagionlive. com/news/coronavirus-incubation-period-is-about-5-days-study-estimates

Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/q-a-coronaviruses

Available at: https://www.worldometers. info/coronavirus/coronavirus-incubation-period/

Coronavirus incubation could be as long as 27 days, Chinese provincial government says, Reuters, Feb. 22, 2020.

Bai Y, Yao L, Wei T, et al. Presumed Asymptomatic Carrier Transmission of COVID-19. JAMA. February 21, 2020.

Guan WJ, Ni ZY, Hu Y, et al. Clinical characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in China, February 9, 2020.

2018 international meeting of the Global Virus Network, Antiviral Research Volume 163, March 2019, Pages 140–148.

Simmons G, Zmora P, Gierer S, Heurich A, Pöhlmann S. Proteolytic activation of the SARS-coronavirus spike protein: cutting enzymes at the cutting edge of antiviral research, Antiviral Res. December 2013; 100 (3): 605–14p. doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.09.028. PMC 3889862. PMID 24121034.

Available at: https://www.worldometers. info/coronavirus/coronavirus-cases/


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.