Current Tumour Immunotherapy strategies and their molecular basis

Abstract

Abstract

Studying cancer and devising techniques to combat the deadly disease has witnessed a paradigm shift, from conventional toxic treatments of radiation and chemotherapy, to a more specific, and biologically significant immunotherapy and molecular targeted therapy. This can be seen in the global immunotherapy market, which is dominated by North America region valued about $45.9 billion in 2017 that is estimated to reach about $115.9 billion by 2025, and is closely followed by Europe, holding the second highest position in global immunotherapy drugs market with 29.0 billion revenues in 2016. Having changed the outlook towards cancer - from looking at it as just a clump of “poorly developed” or “rogue cells” to understanding the tumour microenvironment and associating it to study the biology of cancer as a tissue, has paved the way for immuno-oncology. The era of molecular targeting with the use of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and modified cells of the immune system to help the immune system itself to fight cancer has shown great promise. Here in this review we have studied the molecular basis of a variety of treatments to help us understand targeted therapies more comprehensively.

Keywords: CAR T cell therapy, Combination therapy, Immune checkpoint inhibitors, Immuno-oncology, T-cell mediated immunotherapy

Cite this Article

Shruti Sridhar, Keyur P. Chine. Current Tumour Immunotherapy Strategies and their Molecular Basis. Research & Reviews: Journal of Oncology and Hematology. 2020; 9(2): 1–18p.